Sport Injury

Shoulder joint injury

-                   Acromioclavicular joint injury

• Mechanism : abduction
• Classification Type I-IV
• Clinical : Pain and tender at AC joint
• Investigation
  • Plain X-ray
  • Stress view : Differenciate type II and III
• Treatment
  • Type I-II : arm sling
  • Type III : controversy
  • TypeIV-VI : surgery
• Complications
  • RC syndrome
  • Secondary osteoarthritis

-                   Glenohumeral joint

• Anterior Shoulder dislocation
  • Mechanism of injury
    • abduction andexternal rotation
  • Pathology
    • Bankart lesion
    • Hill sach lesion
  • Clinical
    • Dugar sigh
    • Ruler sign
  • Investigation
    • Plain X-ray
      • AP view
      • Transcapular
      • Axillary view
  • Treatment
    • Close reduction
      • Stimson’s technique
      • Traction-counter traction
      • Close reduction under general anesthesia
      • Immobilization( 1-3 weeks)
      • Range of motion exercise
  • Complications
    • Early complications
      • rotator cuff tear, axillary nerve injury, axillary artery injury, fracture
      • Late complications
        • stiffness, recurrent dislocation, unreduced dislocation

Acute knee joint injury

-                   Anatomy

• ACL, PCL, MCL, LCL

-                   Clinical

• dash board injury

-                   Investigation

• Plain X-ray
  • avulsion fracture
• MRI
  • cartilage injury, meniscus injury ,bone bruise

-                   Treatment

• Sprains and partial tears
  • RICE
• Complete tears

-      Isolate MCL tear

• long leg cast 6 wks

-      Isolate LCL tear

• long leg cast 6 wks

-      displaced avulsion fracture at fibula head

-      Isolate ACL tear

• ligament reconstruction

-      avulsion fracture ที่ tibial spine

-      Isolate PCL tear

• long leg cast 6 wks

-      Meniscus injury

• Vertical (circumferential) tear
• Horizontal tear
• Clinical
• Investigation
  • Plain X-ray
  • MRI
  • Treatment
    • Close reduction
    • Conservative treatment
      • progressive weight bearing
      • quadriceps strengthening exercise
      • Surgical treatment
        • Arthroscopic meniscus repair
        • Arthroscopic menisectomy